Rhetorical Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Logical Strategies - Essay Example These mistake designs are â€Å"deal breakers† †I can't see them in your work in the event that you need to pass the course since they exhibit to me your powerlessness to control your own sentences, a center aptitude you have to have aced after entering English 101A. As I’ve proposed previously, you ought to be working with a guide routinely, and you ought to consider (re)taking English 846 (which centers around sentence building and informative familiarity with your composition) before endeavoring a course at this level once more, okay? I can’t pass this work, nor do I hope to have the option to pass you in the course now given what I’m seeing here. You may change in the event that you wish. You’ll have fourteen days to present an amendment by means of email. Task and Proofreading 1/4 Thesis 2/4 Focus and Clarity 2/4 Development and Support 3/4 Language and Mechanics 1/4 Late (2 pts = - 10%) -/20 Total 9/20 ________________________________ 20 = 100% A 15 = 75% C 19 = 95% A 14 = 70% C-18 = 90% A-13 = 65% D 17 = 85% B 12 = 60% D-16 = 80% B-11 = 55% F *Please see the Grading Rubric Explanation found inside the course for a nitty gritty portrayal of the numbers and standards on the reviewing matrix every one of the part stamps above relates to. *If this exposition is set apart as a late accommodation, either in light of the fact that it missed its cutoff time or was not in a worthy structure at the hour of accommodation, it is ineligible for the modify alternative and this evaluation will remain as the last imprint for the article. This arrangement is spread out plainly in the Course Syllabus. If it's not too much trouble apply these reviewing imprints and remarks to your next exposition work. Challenges of Crossing the Line Award-winning writer Ruben Martinez viably exhibits the troubles of intersection the limit among Mexico and America in â€Å"The Crossing†, a choice in Reading America. Martinez’ mother is from El Salvador and hitched to a Mexican American. His folks converge with American culture yet keep up their Mexican legacy with visit family visits to family members in Mexico. Martinez claims the two his Mexican and American foundations, and reviews early visits to Mexico in his story. His recollections of jumping to and fro between the two regions involve the establishment of his youth. Through his memories, Martinez features the significance of the fringe as a limit brimming with verifiable and monetary legacy. Numerous individuals need to cross from Mexico to America, and the line demonstrations like a sieveâ€catching a few people, however letting others through. Numerous erratic occasions, similar to death, can happen to individuals crossing the limit, and people’s explanations behind needing to make the excursion are innumerable. The creator describes the tale of Victor, an unlawful settler who has diabetes. Victor is endeavoring to cross the fringe from Mexico to America to discover his sister. He seeks after a decent life, and trusts America can offer better medicines for his ailment than what Mexico can offer. The author’s recollections pass on the facts about intersection the fringe, and the troubles of going through it. Martinez makes feeling by telling about his encounters and those of others he met while bridging the fringe. He views himself as an American today in light of the fact that the extension of

The History Of The Internet Essays - Network Architecture

The History of the Internet The History of the Internet The Internet has update the PC and correspondences world like nothing previously. The creation of the message, phone, radio, and PC set up for this exceptional mix of abilities. The Internet is on the double an overall telecom ability, a system for data dispersion, and a vehicle for joint effort what's more, cooperation among people and their PCs without respect for geographic area. The Internet speaks to one of the most effective instances of the advantages of supported speculation and responsibility to innovative work of data foundation. Starting with the early research in parcel exchanging, the administration, business and the scholarly community have been accomplices in advancing and conveying this energizing new innovation. Over its multi year history, the Internet has worked as a cooperation among coordinating gatherings. Certain key capacities have been basic for its activity, not the least of which is the particular of the conventions by which the parts of the framework work. To get to the starting points of the Internet, we need to return so as to 1957. You presumably have no reason to recall, be that as it may, it was International Geophysical Year, a year devoted to social event data about the upper climate during a time of exceptional sunlight based action. Eisenhower declared in 1955 that, as a major aspect of the exercises, the USA would have liked to dispatch a little Earth circling satellite. At that point Kremlin declared that it wanted to do in like manner. Arranging in America was focussed on a modern three phase rocket, yet in Russia they took a more straightforward approach, on 4 October 1957 the USSR propelled (a 70 kgs bleeping circle the size of a medication ball) into Earth circle. The impact in the United States was jolting, since it appeared to be for the time being to clear out the inclination on resistance the nation had appreciated since the blast of the first atomic bomb thirteen years prior. One of the quick responses was the production of the Advanced Research Projects Agency inside the Ministry of Defense. Its strategic to apply best in class innovation to US barrier and to abstain from being astonished (once more!) by mechanical advances of the adversary. It was likewise given interval control of the US satellite program until the making of NASA in October 1958. ARPA turned into the mechanical research organization of the American protection exertion, utilizing straightforwardly a few hundred top researchers and with a spending plan adequate for sub-contracting research to other top American organizations. Despite the fact that the propelled figuring would come to overwhelm its work, the underlying focal point of ARPA's exercises were on space, ballistic rockets and atomic test observing. All things being equal, from the beginning ARPA was keen on imparting between its operational base and its sub-temporary workers, ideally through direct connections between its different PCs. In October 1972 ARPANET opened up to the world'. At the First Universal Conference on Computers and Communication, held in Washington DC, ARPA researchers exhibited the framework in activity, connecting PCs together from 40 unique areas. This invigorated further research in academic network all through the Western World. Before long different systems would show up. Here we have the main genuine PC organize. Since it is all still genuinely essential, it merits thinking about the basic standards have fundamentally continued as before (regardless of whether they, kindly, work far quicker and look a lot prettier). We start off with an aloof terminal and a functioning host, a console and a PC. They are connected together by a link. By composing in orders perceived by a PC, you can utilize the projects put away in its PC, get to its documents (and change them and print them out as wanted). A great many people can visualize this course of action inside a solitary structure, or complex of structures. The first ARPANET developed into the Web. The Internet depended on the possibility that there would be different free systems of rather self-assertive structure, starting with the ARPANET as the spearheading parcel exchanging system, however soon to incorporate bundle satellite systems, ground-based parcel radio systems and different systems. The Internet as we presently realize it encapsulates a key hidden specialized thought, to be specific that of open engineering organizing. In this methodology, the decision of any individual system innovation was not directed by a specific system engineering yet rather could be chosen unreservedly by a supplier and made to interwork with different systems through a meta-level Internetworking Engineering. Up until that time there was just one general technique for uniting systems. This was the customary circuit exchanging strategy where systems would interconnect at the circuit level, passing person bits on a coordinated premise along a bit of a start to finish circuit between a couple of end areas. Review that Kleinrock had appeared in 1961 that parcel exchanging was a more

Understanding Assonance 6 Examples, Analyzed

Understanding Assonance 6 Examples, Analyzed SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Investigating writing can be entirely befuddling, particularly if you’re perusing something that’s really muddled. That’s why it’s imperative to comprehend abstract gadgets, which are apparatuses intended to assist you with opening the importance of a book. Consider artistic gadgets like devices in a tool compartment. Every gadget has an alternate use, so it’s significant that you have a lot of various choices to pick from...especially when you’re crunched for time, such as during an AP Literature test. That’s why we’re going to encourage you all that you have to think about sound similarity, which is a scholarly gadget that enables an author to make both musicality and tone. To do this, we’ll: Characterize sound similarity and discussion regarding why it’s supportive in dissecting writing, Walk you through sound similarity models in verse and writing, and Give you four master tips to assist you with finding an examine sound similarity in any content. Are you game? Let’s make a plunge! What Is Assonance: Definition and Meaning What is sound similarity, precisely? Fortunately, the sound similarity definition is truly direct! Sound similarity is characterized as the reiteration of comparable vowel sounds inside words, expressions, or sentences. (Recall that vowels are an, e, I, o, u, and now and again y.) When a similar vowel sound is rehashed on different occasions in nearness, you’ve discovered sound similarity. The most ideal approach to see how sound similarity functions is to see it in real life. Let’s take a gander at the accompanying sentence: The noisy wheel gets the oil. Peruse this sentence a couple of times. What vowel sound do you hear more than once? The appropriate response: the long e sound (which you hear in words like â€Å"eek† and â€Å"creek†). Here’s the sentence again where we’ve bolded the rehashed vowel sounds: The noisy wheel gets the oil. As should be obvious, the long e sound rehashes multiple times in the line, which is a typical case of sound similarity! Need another model? Look at this clasp from My Fair Lady, which has an entire tune that rotates around sound similarity: Did you hear the sound similarity in the line, â€Å"the downpour in Spain stays basically in the plain†? Eliza Doolittle truly assists that with yearning â€Å"a† vowel sound sparkle! How Does Assonance Help You Analyze Literature? Since you realize what sound similarity is, you’re most likely thinking about how it causes you break down writing. There are three significant ways sound similarity works: by making musicality, causing to notice explicit words, and by molding the tone-or sentiment of the work. How Assonance Creates Rhythm Since sound similarity includes reiteration, it very well may be utilized to make beat. This is particularly significant in verse, where the cadence frequently influences the importance of the sonnet. Take these lines from Edgar Allen Poe’s â€Å"The Raven,† for example: What's more, the Raven, failing to flit, despite everything is sitting, despite everything is sitting On the gray bust of Pallas simply over my chamber entryway; There’s a considerable amount of sound similarity here, particularly with the short â€Å"i† sound, which we’ve featured in strong above. The sound similarity gives the sonnet a drumming, walk like mood that mirrors the unnerved beating of the speaker’s heart! How Assonance Draws Attention to Specific Words Also, the tedious idea of sound similarity causes the reader’s to notice those words and expressions. At times, it very well may be what could be compared to the essayist waving a warning at the peruser, flagging that there’s something significant going on in that piece of the content. Let’s take a gander at the initial two lines of William Wordsworth’s â€Å"Daffodils† to see this in real life: I meandered forlorn as a cloud That coasts on high o'er vales and slopes, Here, the sound similarity is in the long â€Å"o† sound, and it causes you to notice a significant likeness in the sonnet. In this examination, the speaker envisions himself as a â€Å"lonely† cloud that â€Å"floats† high â€Å"o’er† the scene. Through sound similarity, the speaker uncovers that he considers himself to be independent and secluded from his general surroundings. How Assonance Shapes Tone and Meaning Essayists additionally use sound similarity to help make tones, or sentiments, in their work. By hanging together various words and vowel sounds, journalists can bring out everything from satisfaction to fear. Here’s a case of this at work in Dylan Thomas’ â€Å"Do not go delicate into that great night†: Mature age should consume and rave at close of day; Anger, rage, against the withering of the light To perceive how this makes a tone, give perusing this section a shot boisterous. The sound similarity of the long â€Å"a† causes you to accentuate the sound as you read it, particularly since those are additionally focused on syllables. (Not certain what a focused on syllable is? Look at our manual for predictable rhyming.) The sound similarity makes these lines sound powerful, which adds to the lines’ persistent practically edgy tone. With regards to verse, deciding a poem’s tones is a significant advance to revealing the work’s topics and messages. On account of Thomas’ sonnet, the tone of these lines causes us see how Thomas feels about death. For him, demise isn’t something an individual ought to acknowledge inactively they should battle against it and hold onto life as far as might be feasible. So in this example sound similarity causes us decide the poem’s tone, which thus drives us to one of the poem’s significant topics! Sound similarity Examples in Poetry Sound similarity is an entirely normal artistic gadget in verse, particularly on the grounds that it assists writers with forming a work’s beat, rhyme, tone, and subject. Let’s read one more sonnet to perceive how sound similarity models assist us with examining a sonnet and its subjects. â€Å"The World Is Too Much With Us† by William Wordsworth The world is a lot with us; late and soon, Getting and spending, we ruin our powers;Little we find in Nature that is ours;We have parted with our souls, an ignoble boon!This Sea that uncovers her chest to the moon,The winds that will be wailing at all hours,And are up-assembled now like resting flowers,For this, for everything, we are out of tune;It moves us not. - Great God! I'd preferably beA Pagan nursed in a statement of faith outworn;So may I, remaining on this charming lea,Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn;Have sight of Proteus ascending from the sea;Or hear old Triton blow his wreathã ¨d horn. At the point when you investigate a full sonnet, there’s a decent possibility that sound similarity will just happen in specific pieces of the work (instead of from beginning to end). So don’t alarm in the event that you just discover sound similarity in a couple of lines. Recollect that sound similarity is frequently used to cause you to notice a particular second or set of words, so simply consider it a sign to peruse that area somewhat closer. In Wordsworth’s sonnet, sound similarity happens in the earliest reference point of the sonnet with the long â€Å"a† and toward the finish of the sonnet with the long â€Å"o†. Let’s investigate the poem’s last three lines: Have glimpses that would make me less desolate; Have sight of Proteus ascending from the sea;Or hear old Triton blow his wreathã ¨d horn. This sonnet is about how individuals have gotten excessively enmeshed with human progress (that centers around â€Å"getting and spending†) and have put some distance between nature. The sound similarity in last lines stress the poem’s subject and help strengthen the piece’s tone. The long â€Å"o† adds a melancholy solid to the finishing up lines, which emphasizes the desolate tone of the sonnet. The sound similarity additionally fortifies the speaker’s supposition that the method of the past is superior to life in the present. By referencing Proteus and Triton, two Greek divine beings, the speaker features how the modernization of the world has made it lose more than its association with nature: it’s lost its miracle and secret, as well. Sound similarity Examples in Prose While sound similarity is generally basic in verse, you can likewise discover sound similarity in composition. In writing works like books, short stories, and true to life, writers use sound similarity to make their work progressively distinctive. It enables their plans to jump off the page, and it makes tones and sentiments that resound with perusers (simply like in verse)! Here’s a sound similarity model in writing that exhibits how it can function outside of verse. Model : A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man recounts to the tale of the strict and scholarly arousing of Stephen Dedalus, a youngster who esteems excellence and craftsmanship. All through the book, Stephen questions and agitators against the Catholic and Irish shows of his youth, and he inevitably leaves Ireland for Europe. Given Stephen’s love of craftsmanship, it’s nothing unexpected that the book frequently depends on wonderful strategies to recount to his story. Joyce frequently utilizes sound similarity, which we find in the accompanying line: Delicate language gave from their spitless lips as they washed in low circles all around the field, twisting here and thither through the weeds. The sound similarity here originates from the redundancy of the short â€Å"i,† which happens multiple times in this one sentence! The sound similarity copies the sound of murmuring, which assists perusers with encountering the â€Å"soft language† Joyce is expounding on. Sound similarity makes this sentence wash â€Å"in low circles round† the peruser, too-which adds to the enticing tone of this short entry. 4 Expert Tips for Analyzing Assonance Since you recognize what sound similarity is, here are a couple of master tips to assist you with discovering sound similarity and use it to examine writing like a genius! Tip 1: Read It Out Loud Sound similarity is something you hear, instead of something you see. While you can search for comparable vowels in words, English is a str

Gender Equality Under The 2010 Constitution - 275 Words

Gender Equality Under The 2010 Constitution (Essay Sample) Content: The 2010 Constitution has been lauded as one of the most progressive Constitutions around the world. The principles that were put in to draft the Constitution were made by South African Constitutional scholar Karl E Klare in his article Legal Culture and Transformative Constitutionalism. This principles espoused by Karl Klare are provision of socio-economic and political rights for everyone. The Constitution recognizes the injustices that were occasioned on minorities, women and children under previous legal regimes. It provides for affirmative action and more participation of marginalized groups in politics and socio-economic activities.[KE Klare Legal Culture and Transformative Constitutionalism (1998)14 South African Journal on Human Rights 146: 146] Gender equality means that there is equal and fair treatment across all genders and each is given equal and fair treatment in social-economic and political spheres of life. The nature of the progressive and transformat ive 2010 Constitution is that it encompasses both gender equality and gender equity. Gender equity is giving Kenyan citizens across both genders equal opportunities and ensuring fairness. This is done by recognizing that the womenfolk have been marginalized due to historical injustices. This is done by coming up with strategies to ensure women are accorded a playing field to be on the same level as the male counterparts. Affirmative action is one of the strategies used in Kenya.Gender equality has been linked with development in Kenya. This is because women have been given more opportunities in education to help them realize their dreams. They are able to subsequently get employment and contribute significantly towards development and nation building. In Politics, gender equality helps women get opportunities to join politics through the one-gender rule. This enables them contribute in the debate of building a greater Kenya by passing of legislative instruments aimed at development. The one-third gender rule is recognized under the Constitution as a rule that ought to be followed both at the national and county level. This rule is provided under article 81(b) and article 177(1) (b). The Constitution provides that not more than two-thirds of the members of elective public bodies shall be of the same gender. The Constitution further states that the number of special seat members necessary to ensure that no more than two-thirds of the membership of the assembly are of the same gender. The realization of the one-third gender rule in the national and county government has been tasking and subject to court proceedings. The Supreme Court in advisory opinion stated that the realization of the one-third gender rule would be done in a progressive manner.[Constitution of Kenya, article 81(b)] [Ibid, article...

Access to Justice in the English Legal System - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1919 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Level High school Tags: Justice Essay Did you like this example? Access to Justice Legal aid was introduced after the Second World War to permit people who could not otherwise afford the services of lawyers to be provided with those services by the State.[1]The system and costs grew hugely over the decades and underwent various restrictions and cutbacks during the late 1990s.[2]Although there have been many high cost claims on the legal aid budget, the scale of the continued rise in spending is not the result of individual or collective wastefulness.[3] It is the result of systemic weaknesses in the way legal aid services are obtained and therefore inefficiencies in the way those services are delivered.[4] The process for evaluating if an individual meet the requirements for civil legal aid and criminal legal aid is different. In civil legal aid, a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s income and capital must be within definite limits, this is called the means test and their case needs to have a reasonable chance of winning; the meri ts test.[5] In criminal legal aid, the means test is also considered but in a different way. In addition, the more serious the charge and possible consequences, the more likely it is that the person will qualify for the interests of justice test.[6] The Community Legal Service (Financial Amendment) Regulations 2007 set out the onsets for financial eligibility for all requests for funding. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Access to Justice in the English Legal System" essay for you Create order The test uses basic concepts of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"disposable incomeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, that is, income available to a person after deducting essential living expenses, and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"disposal capitalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, that is, the assets owned by a person after essentials items like a home.[7] In addition to the financial eligibility, an applicantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case must also satisfy a new merits test. The commission prepared a Code (2007) which replaces, and is intended to be more flexible than, the merits test that was used for civil legal aid. The code sets out the criteria for determining whether legal aid services should be provided in a particular case.[8] Further legal aid restrictions endanger access to justice; say MPs.[9]Joint committee on human rights warns that Ministry of Justice(MoJ) should not fall into trap of knowing the price of everything but value of nothing.[10]MoJ proposed one-year residence test, the committee calls for broader exemptions, specific ally in cases involving children.[11] It said: Refugees may be unable to access civil legal aid during their first few months of lawful residence in the UK. This is particularly worrying as this is the time that many refugees may need assistance in securing services they are entitled to. [12]Under the MoJ reforms prisoners will lose legal aid for challenges over prison conditions but can keep it for legal challenges involving their liberty. The report said: In some cases only the retention of public funding will be sufficient to prevent infringements of prisoners right of access to court arising in practice.[13] Removing legal aid funding for borderline cases could affect human rights challenges and save only  £1m a year, the JCHR added.[14] The orthodox view is that individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rights to access justice cannot be denied when considering Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). Article6givesyou therighttobringacivil or criminalcasetocou rt, the right to a fair and public hearing embodied in international human rights treaties. Thelegalsystemmust besetupinsuch a waythatthe general publicarenotomittedfrom thecourtprocess.Therightofaccessto courtisnot,however,unlimitedandthe ECHRhas acceptedthatcategoricalpeople[15] can berestrictedfrombringingcases. However, Article6doesnotgiveageneralrightto legalaidineverycivilcaseinvolvinga personwhocannotafford tobring proceedings[16]. However, legalaid mayberequiredbyArticle6insomecivil cases,forexampleincasesor proceedingsthatareverycomplex,orin circumstanceswhere a personisrequired tohavealawyerrepresentingthem.[17] In criminal cases, those who cannot pay the service of a lawyer to exercise their procedural rights are affected by the lack of effective protection of the right to legal aid. It may lessen their chance to influence the outcome of the proceedings when their liberty is at stake.[18] In civil cases, citizens are unable to protect and declare their civil, econom ic, social and cultural rights because of the lack of available mechanisms for resolving legal disputes. In both criminal and civil cases, the lack of access to justice results in reduced public assurance in the legal system, which is cornerstone for every democratic state rooted in the principles of the rule of law, human rights and democracy[19]. In a criminal case, a police custody officer will help you get legal aid if youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ve been detained and held at a police station. A solicitor will check if you qualify for legal aid if youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re charged with a crime. You will get legal aid automatically if youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re under 16 or on certain benefits.[20] However there was no right under common law to legal aid in all circumstances, but Grayling said that common law undoubtedly recognised a right of effective access to court, which means that legal aid may be required in certain circumstances in order for the right of access to be meaningful.[21] Meanwhile, the justice secretarys plan to cut defence  barristers fees by at least 30% in the most complex and demanding criminal cases came under attack in the House of Lords.[22] For instance, in the case of O.F. v Norway[23] the accused was deprived of legal aid by the State Party in defending charges of a traffic offence.[24] The State Party argued that there was no concern raised under article 14 3(d) owing to the triviality of the offence, therefore the consequence should only result in a small fine.[25] The Human Rights Court (HRC) concurred that the accused had not been able to show that in his particular case the interests of justice would have essentially required legal aid services.[26] Obviously when determining to grant or refuse legal aid in the context of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“interests of justiceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , the severity of the offence is considered. There has been a suggestion in the case law that a State may refuse legal aid to litigants on the basis of a val ue judgment on the objective chances of success, even in a case where the severity of the offence is not doubtful. In Z.P. v Canada[27] the Court upheld the decision by the Canadian authorities to deny access to legal aid in an appeal against a conviction for rape on the basis of an apparent lack of merits in the appeal. However, cases regarding capital punishment would be an exception to this rejection of legal.[28] Another issue presumably relevant to this header is the quality of representation. The issue is addressed in the jurisprudence of the HRC[29] on stating that lawyers should be able to counsel and to represent their clients in line with their established professional standards and judgment without any constraints, influences, pressures or undue interference from any quarter. The jurisprudence of the HRC also states that the authorities owe a duty to take measures as to ensure that the accused is efficiently represented[30]. Furthermore, in the case of a lawyer represe nting an accused on appeal, there should be effective support[31]. In Estrella v Uruguay[32] the HRC held that when an accused was offered only a limited choice of officially appointed counsel and the counsel then adopted à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the attitude of a prosecutorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , an adequate defence has been violated and there is a breach of Human Rights.[33] The Alternative Funding Arrangements[34] (AFA) increases access to justice whilst limiting public expenditure. AFA occur when payments to a law firm are based on a method other than billable hours[35].The conditional fee is the classic example of an AFA for which the percentage of the money won at trial or on settlement is collected by the firm; only if the legal action is financially successful that the client pays. However, AFAs encompass a large variety of arrangements and there is a disruptive but inevitable move to AFA[36]. The most recent approach intended to promote access to justice at proportionate cost is the Jackson Report in 2013. The idea is to dissuade avoidable claims from going to court[37]. According to the MoJ spokesman à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"this will require changes to legal rules and regulationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢[38].There can be no doubt that the Jackson reforms comprise significant changes[39] to civil procedure and will have a wide-ranging impact. However, the impact remains solely on how future court reports on their application and how alterations will really work in practice. The Access to Justice Act 1999 (ss 27-31), together with the Conditional Fee Order 2013, reformed the law relating to conditional fees with the intention to discourage weak cases and encourage settlements. Conditional fee agreements play a valuable role in helping people with valid claims to obtain access to justice.[40] This Order implementsSection 44of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO) which eradicates recoverability of success fees from the losing party in relation to any conditional fee agreements[41]. Insofar, it can be further argued that there has been an optimistic approach to allow potential individuals to access justice through legal aid system. WORD COUNT: 1540 Bibliography STATUTES: Access to Justice Act 1999 Conditional Fee Order 2013 Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO) Community Legal Service (Financial Amendment) Regulations 2007 Code (2007) CASES: O.F. v Norway [1984] CCPR/C/OP/2 at 44 (1990) Z.P. v Canada [1991] CCPR/C/41/D/341 Kelly v Jamaica [1991] CCPR/C/41/D/253 Estrella v Uruguay [1990] CCPR/C/OP/2 BOOKS: Gary Slapper Kelly, English Legal System, fourteenth edition, Routledge,2013 Ministry of Justice, makingsenseofHumanRights:Ashort introduction (summarybooklet), October2006 WEBSITES: https://www.lccsa.org.uk/assets/documents/consultation/carter%20review%2013072006.pdf , accessed on 02/12/2013 https://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/13/further-legal-aid-restrictions-endangers-access-justice , accessed on 16/12/2013 https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid/eligibility ,accessed on 13/12/2013 https://www.nuigalway.ie/sites/eu-china-humanrights/seminars/ds0406d/marcela%20rodriguez-farrelly-eng.doc ,accessed on 13/12/13 https://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/gencomm/hrcom13.htm ,accessed on 12/12/13 www.justice.gov.uk , accessed on 12/12/2013 https://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/13/committee-warns-legal-aid-cuts-may-breach-human-rights, accessed on 16/12/2013 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/10/contents/enacted accessed on 24/01/2014 accessed on 24/01/2014 https://www.newsquarechambers.co.uk/files/Newsletters/Legal%20Update%20-%20April%202013.pdf accessed on 24/01/2014 https://www.rawlisonbutler.com/news/22342 accessed on 25/01/2014 https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/64021.article accessed on 25/01/2014 https://www.lawdable.com/2009/02/articles/practice-areas/alternative-fee-arrangements-gain-traction/ accessed on 25/01/2014 https://www.hgexperts.com/article.asp?id=7551 accessed on 25/01/2014 https://www.afalaw.co.uk/ accessed on 26/01/2014 [1] Gary Slapper Kelly, English Legal System, fourteenth edition, Routledge,2013,page 651 [2] Ibid [3] https://www.lccsa.org.uk/assets/documents/consultation/carter%20review%2013072006.pdf, pg 3, accessed on 02/12/2013 [4] Ibid [5] www.justice.gov.uk accessed on 12/12/2013 [6] Ibid [7] Ibid [8] Gary Slapper Kelly, English Legal System, fourteenth edition, Routledge,2013,page 661 [9] https://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/13/further-legal-aid-restrictions-endangers-access-justice, accessed on 16/12/2013 [10] Ibid [11] https://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/13/further-legal-aid-restrictions-endangers-access-justice, accessed on 16/12/2013 [12] https://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/13/further-legal-aid-restrictions-endangers-access-justice, accessed on 16/12/2013 [13] Ibid [14] Ibid [15] Ministry of Justice, makingsenseofHumanRights:Ashort introduction (summarybooklet), October2006, page 19 [16] Ibid [17] Ibid [18] https:// www.nuigalway.ie/sites/eu-china-humanrights/seminars/ds0406d/marcela%20rodriguez-farrelly-eng.doc accessed on 13/12/2013 [19]Ibid [20] https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid/eligibility, accessed on 13/12/2013 [21] https://www.theguardian.com/law/2013/dec/13/committee-warns-legal-aid-cuts-may-breach-human-rights, accessed on 16/12/2013 [22] Ibid [23] O.F. v Norway [1984] CCPR/C/OP/2 at 44 (1990) [24]https://www.nuigalway.ie/sites/eu-china-humanrights/seminars/ds0406d/marcela%20rodriguez-farrelly-eng.doc page 6, paragraph 5 accessed on 13/12/2013 [25] Ibid [26] Ibid [27] Z.P. v Canada [1991] CCPR/C/41/D/341 [28] Ibid [29] https://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/gencomm/hrcom13.htm, HRC Comment 13, paragraph 9, accessed on 12/12/13 [30] Kelly v Jamaica [1991] CCPR/C/41/D/253 [31] ibid [32] Estrella v Uruguay [1990] CCPR/C/OP/2 [33] Estrella v Uruguay [1990] CCPR/C/OP/2 [34] https://www.afalaw.co.uk/ accessed on 26/01/2014 [35] https://www.lawdable.com/20 09/02/articles/practice-areas/alternative-fee-arrangements-gain-traction/ accessed on 25/01/2014 [36] https://www.hgexperts.com/article.asp?id=7551 accessed on 25/01/2014 [37] https://www.rawlisonbutler.com/news/22342 accessed on 25/01/2014 [38] https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/64021.article accessed on 25/01/2014 [39] https://www.newsquarechambers.co.uk/files/Newsletters/Legal%20Update%20-%20April%202013.pdf accessed on 24/01/2014 [40] Gary Slapper Kelly, English Legal System, fourteenth edition, Routledge,2013 [41] https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/10/contents/enacted accessed on 24/01/2014

Literary Analysis Of Gwendolyn Brooks s The Bean Eaters

Introduction Gwendolyn Brooks is among the most distinguished African-American poets of the twentieth century. With the publication of her second volume of poetry, Annie Allen (1949), she became the first black American writer to win a Pulitzer Prize. Noted traditional forms and poignant evocation of urban black experience, Brooks emerged as a leading black literary figure during the 1950s and 1960s. her lyrical poetry addresses racial injustice, poverty, and the private struggles of young black women with exceptional precision, psychological depth, and authenticity. In addition to Annie Allen, Brooks is best known for A Street in Bronzeville (1945), The Bean Eaters (1960), In the Mecca (1968), and her only novel, Maud Martha (1953). During the late 1960s, Brooks embraced the Black Power and Black Arts movements, marking a dramatic shift in her poetry toward increasingly polemical declarations of black pride and African cultural nationalism. Biographical Information Born in Topeka, Kansas, Brooks was raised in the poor South Side section of Chicago with her parents; her mother abandoned teaching for marriage and motherhood, and her father, the son of a runaway slave who fought in the Civil War, gave up his ambition to attend medical school to work as a janitor. Out of the loving security of her home, Brooks experienced racial prejudice early in grade school, where other black students ridiculed her for her dark skin and lack of social or athletic abilities. Brooks foundShow MoreRelated Gwendolyn Brooks Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pages Gwendolyn Brooks- A Critical Analysis of Her Work nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gwendolyn Brooks is the female poet who has been most responsive to changes in the black community, particularly in the community’s vision of itself. The first African American to be awarded a Pulitzer Prize; she was considered one of America’s most distinguished poets well before the age of fifty. Known for her technical artistry, she has succeeded in forms as disparate as Italian terza rima and the blues. She has

Cloud Architecture That Will Be Used Will Include Hybrid Cloud

Question: Explain Cloud Architecture That Will Be Used Will Include Hybrid Cloud? Answer: Introduction SoftArc Engineering Ltd is an Australian Company that has its domain in civil engineering. The company has decided to close it data centre that is currently located in Brisbane and has decided to shift the same in Sydney that is technically advanced. Also, the web services have been decided to be migrated on a cloud platform. The document covers the details and strategies that the organization should follow. Cloud Architecture Reasons for Deployment The cloud architecture that will be used will include Hybrid cloud as the deployment model as it will align with the business strategies. It is an integrated cloud computing model that will include certain parts of the information associated with the data centre to be stored on-premise and rest of the information to be present on the cloud. It is the model that will allow the organization to enhance its capability be easily aggregating and assembling with rest of the packages and will fit as per the business requirements and strategies (Tarannum, Ahmed, 2013). The delivery model that will be used in case of SoftArc Engineering Ltd will be Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model. It has been selected for the organization because of its features that have been listed below. It is the model that will allow accessibility to more than one user simultaneously leading to enhanced multi-tasking without any issues in the performance The model will allow the organization to carry out dynamic scaling which will allow the architecture and the associated components to be scaled up or down as per the requirement The cost that will come with model will be low Distributed resources will be used and will be associated with this model Benefits and Issues of Hybrid Cloud There will be several benefits that will be caused because of the deployment of hybrid cloud in the cloud architecture of the organization. This particular model will demand lesser funds and money in terms of the infrastructure which would allow the money to be spent on other areas. The security that will come along with hybrid cloud will also be better than the rest of the models and counterparts. The agility and flexibility associated with the organization will also improve as this particular model is scalable in nature. It will also allow enhanced form of accessibility which will lead to better customer satisfaction (Boava, Iano, 2016). However, there may also be certain issues that may come up with the deployment of hybrid cloud in the architecture. These issues will be in the form of the security concerns and issues along with the required set of skills for executing the cloud services. Data and application integration may also emerge as one of the challenges for the system analysts and experts. Risks and Countermeasures There may be a number of security and other risks that may emerge with the hybrid cloud strategy that have been described in the table below. Name of the Risk Description Possible Countermeasure Shared Access One of the prime features that come along with hybrid cloud is that of multi-tenancy along with multi-tasking of the cloud services and components. There are scenarios in which shared access is provided to the users which lead to the emergence of a lot many problems. There are several users that simultaneously access the cloud and there are several associated resources that are shared such as memory, database, equipment and many more. There may be emergence of various risks because of this reason such as the ones related with spoofing and IP addresses. Security and privacy of the information may get impacted because of the same (Padmavathi, 2016). There shall be access and identity right allotted to each of the user along with a dedicated timeframe to make use of the resource. Tracking and monitoring of the same shall be performed regularly. Cost and Schedule Risks There are various components that are involved with hybrid cloud and there is a cost that is involved with each of these components. It becomes difficult to estimate these costs and the associated schedule that leads to various issues for the management. There is always an uncertainty associated with the cloud because of this reason. It will be required to carry out detailed planning in order to make sure that the cost and schedule estimations are carried out in presence of an expert Legal Risks There will be a lot of information that will be stored on the hybrid cloud. This information may belong to several categories such as private, confidential, sensitive and likewise. Any violation in the properties of these information types will lead to legal obligations and issues. Legal policies and regulations shall be applied along with the enhancement of the security infrastructure to make sure that any such risks are not executed Security Risks Cloud data is present and accessible over the network which leads to several threats and risks associated with the access and authentication of the user. There may be several security risks in the form of network security attacks that may be given shape by the malicious entities and these entities may attempt to violate the access and identity controls that are implemented. Such an occurrence will lead to emergence of information security risks and threats. It will be necessary to enhance the overall security architecture to make sure that the security risks are avoided and it will be essential to adapt administrative as well as technical controls to make sure that the security risks are not executed by the attackers Availability Risks Availability of the cloud will be essential for the smooth functioning of the related operations. The availability may be hampered by the execution of various attacks on the cloud services and cloud model which may lead to deterioration of the reputation It will be necessary to enhance the overall security architecture to make sure that the security risks are avoided and it will be essential to adapt administrative as well as technical controls to make sure that the security risks are not executed by the attackers (Al-Rashedi, 2014) Data Ownership and Authority Risks Hybrid cloud will be composed of several users and the data will belong to many users. There may be risks of data ownership along with data authority that may emerge There shall be user roles and privileges defined and the same shall be carried out by the administrator General Security Steps There are primarily three steps to security that will be required to undertake. These three steps will include administrative, logical and physical security steps. Administrative steps shall include the enhancement of evaluation and validation checks along with their frequency to make sure that the progress is being done without any deviations. There shall also be reviews and audits that shall be carried out by the senior management along with the experts (Benkhelifa, Fernando, Welsh, 2013). Technical security will make up for the logical steps that will include the execution of measures such as use of automated tools and packages for prevention and detection of attacks, enhanced authentication and access control and likewise. Physical security shall also be improved by making use of the enhanced form of physical control over the entry and access points to avoid the attacks (Gordon, 2016). Components and Requirements Application Resilience In association with the requirements of the SoftArc Engineering Ltd, there are a few high availability requirements that will be met with the use of hybrid cloud and its deployment. There are a number of availability zones along with load balancing and dynamic scaling that is associated with this cloud model which will make sure that the application resilience is maintained and reflected (Varadharajan, Tupakula, 2016). Fault tolerance will be installed that will make sure that there is no single point of failure present in the clpud model There will be use of best practices and adherance to the defined standards will also be ensured Storage options that will come along with the model will be ample for data storage on the cloud Backup and Disaster Recovery There may be various security risks that may be given shape by the attackers and it will be necessary to include the backup and disaster recovery options in the cloud architecture. The backup model that comes along with hybrid cloud comprises of frequent and automated backup to make sure that the risks and attacks may be avoided. The disaster recovery plan that will be designed for the hybrid cloud and the one that will make sure that it applies to the same will include the following measures Preventative The basic form of security will be enhanced so that there is no occurrence of the security risk or an attack. Reactive These will be the measures and mechanisms that will be followed to minimize the damage. Detective Detection of the intruders using automated tools and packages will also be incorporated (Linthicum, 2016). Administrative Enhancement of the policies and the frameworks will be done to make sure that the checks and validations are performed. Remote Server Administration Administrators will be provided with the ability to remotely monitor the hybrid cloud along with all of its components. In case of remote server administrator, the common issues that come up are in the form of scalability and accessibility of the services and applications. However, in the case of hybrid cloud, there is dynamic scaling along with greater flexibility associated which makes sure that remote server administration is possible (Tarannum, Ahmed, 2013). There may be issues with the security and the strength of the evaluation process which will be made sure with the aid of protection mechanisms. Resource Management There will be several resources that will be involved with the hybrid cloud and these resources will be aptly managed. There will be an equilibrium that will be created between all of the employees and the resources that will be associated and time management along with change management will also be handled efficiently. Hybrid cloud has the mechanism to carry out required set of policies and administrative checks which will be done to make sure that the resources are adequately managed. SLA Management The following set of factors will be considered for SLA management in the organization. The services that have bee agreed upon between the cloud provider and SoftArc Engineering Ltd Duties and responsibilities that are allocated to the project resources Internal partners and their involvement Cost and details of the features that are implemented The above components that are associated with the hybrid cloud will be compatible with either of the IaaS or PaaS model of cloud. Migration to AWS It has been decided that the SharePoint location along with the SQL Server that has been deployed in the organization shall be moved to the AWS cloud which stands for Amazon Web Services. The following steps shall be taken to complete the process as these steps will make sure that the migration process is completed successfully without any risks and the business objectives are achieved. Planning phase shall be carried out with the definition of scope, goals, assumptions and dependencies. There shall be an analysis of the risks along with their treatment strategy that must be defined (Sekaran, Krishna, 2016). The migration process shall be carried out in a series of phases rather than all at once. Validations and verifications on the performance and compatibility checks shall be carried out. Next series of migration shall be executed after the completion of first iteration. Conclusion Cloud computing is an integral part of the modern day businesses and it is essential to make sure that the cloud models and architecture is applied across the organizations. SoftArc Engineering Ltd has taken step to move to the cloud by enhancing its cloud architecture with the incorporation of hybrid cloud along with IaaS model. There are several issues and risks that may be associated with the procedure that shall be handled with the aid of proper measures along with the enhancement of security. References Al-Rashedi, A. (2014). E-Government Based on Cloud Computing and Service-Oriented Architecture. International Journal Of Computer And Electrical Engineering, 6(3), 201-206. https://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcee.2014.v6.822 Benkhelifa, E., Fernando, D., Welsh, T. (2013). A Novel Cloud-Based Multi-Tenancy Architecture with Efficient Hybrid Authentication Mechanism for Enhanced Security and Resource Optimization. International Journal Of Cloud Applications And Computing, 3(3), 34-49. https://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcac.2013070103 Boava, A., Iano, Y. (2016). Secure Inter-Cloud architecture for virtual cloud computing based on hybrid IP and MPLS infrastructure solution. IEEE Latin America Transactions, 14(7), 3490-3495. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tla.2016.7587659 Gordon, A. (2016). The Hybrid Cloud Security Professional. IEEE Cloud Computing, 3(1), 82-86. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcc.2016.21 Linthicum, D. (2016). Emerging Hybrid Cloud Patterns. IEEE Cloud Computing, 3(1), 88-91. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcc.2016.22 Padmavathi, B. (2016). Implementation of IOT Based Health Care Solution Based on Cloud Computing. International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science. https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v5i9.23 Sekaran, K., Krishna, P. (2016). Big Cloud: a hybrid cloud model for secure data storage through cloud space. International Journal Of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms, 8(2), 229. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaip.2016.075731 Tarannum, N., Ahmed, N. (2013). Efficient and Reliable Hybrid Cloud Architecture for Big Database. International Journal On Cloud Computing: Services And Architecture, 3(6), 17-29. https://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijccsa.2013.3602 Tarannum, N., Ahmed, N. (2013). Efficient and Reliable Hybrid Cloud Architecture for Big Database. International Journal On Cloud Computing: Services And Architecture, 3(6), 17-29. https://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijccsa.2013.3602 Varadharajan, V., Tupakula, U. (2016). On the Design and Implementation of an Integrated Security Architecture for Cloud with Improved Resilience. IEEE Transactions On Cloud Computing, 1-1. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcc.2016.2535320